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PIH Founding

The History

In 1996 John Saye and Tom Brush formed a research and development partnership to explore how emerging technologies might support higher order thinking and authentic pedagogy in the social studies. By 2000 this project had evolved into the Persistent Issues in History Network. The PIH approach conceptualizes the social studies curriculum organized around fundamental issues that societies have confronted across space and time.

Working with classroom teachers and Auburn University and Indiana University colleagues, we completed a series of classroom-based design experiments to refine a set of field-tested wise practices for implementing authentic problem-based history instruction in 7-12 grade classrooms. The results of that work are summarized in the Design Principles section of this website. A second major product of these continuing collaborations is the online PIH Lesson Library. We hope that these resources expand the community of social studies educators and students who adopt this powerful pedagogy. Over 20 Lessons were completed during Saye and Brush’s tenure (2000-2018). The Lesson database continues to grow under the current directors.

The Founders

John W. Saye (sayejoh@auburn.edu) is Mildred Chesire Fraley Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Secondary Social Science Education at Auburn University and founding director of the Persistent Issues in History Network and of the Social Science Inquiry Research Collaborative. His research interests include authentic pedagogy, problem-based inquiry, teacher thinking, and collaborative communities of practice. His most recent publications have appeared in the Journal of Curriculum Studies, Theory and Research in Social Education, the Journal of Social Studies Research, Social Studies Today: Research and Practice, and the Wiley Handbook of Social Studies Research.

Dr. Thomas Brush (tbrush@iu.edu) is the Barbara B. Jacobs Chair in Education and Technology, Professor of Instructional Systems Technology within the School of Education at Indiana University, and founding co-director of the Persistent Issues in History Network . Dr. Brush’s research interests focus on developing methods and strategies to promote inquiry-oriented learning, particularly with more open-ended instruction. This involves studying methods for integrating tools to promote collaborative problem-based learning strategies into the learning environment itself and developing alternative techniques to deliver instruction to students. He has authored or coauthored more than 100 publications related to his research interests. He has also served as a project director, co-project director, or evaluator for over a dozen competitively-funded projects from competitions including the National Science Foundation, the Google Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the US Department of Education.

PIH Funding

The PIH Network was made possible through the generous contributions of: Auburn University’s Department of Curriculum and Teaching and Vice President for Outreach; Indiana University’s Proffitt Internal Research Grant and Vice Provost for Research; the National Endowment for Humanities; and the U.S. Department of Education.

PIH Contributors

Drs. Saye and Brush want to thank the following faculty for assisting with video case modules:

Professor Institution Case
Dr. Diana Hess University of Wisconsin US Foreign Policy: Structured Academic Controversy
Dr. Joseph O’Brien University of Kansas Justification for Military Action
Dr. Walter Parker University of Washington Civil Rights: Seminar Discussion
Dr. John Rossi Virginia Commonwealth University The Future Direction of Iraq: Talk Show

Drs. Saye and Brush want to thank the following faculty for assisting with video case modules:

Name Current Institution
Cory Callahan University of Alabama
Charles Farmer Freedom Middle School, Franklin, TN
Krista Glazewski North Carolina State University
James Howell University of Southern Mississippi
Jung Won Hur Auburn University
Colby Jones Samford Middle School, Opelika, AL
Ugur Kale Indiana University
Jada Kohlmeier Auburn University
Kyungbin Kwon Indiana University
Lamont Maddox University of North Alabama
Teresa McCormick Auburn University
Linda Mitchell Jacksonville State University
Suhkyung Shin Hanyang University, Korea
Sungwon Shin Texas Tech University
Zhizhen Zhang Beijing Normal University, China

PIH Case Chart

Lesson Title Year Created
Civil Rights: Interactive Slide Lecture 2002
Civil Rights: Introductory Grabber 2002
Civil Rights: Intensive Document Analysis 2002
Civil Rights: Presentation Preparation 2002
Civil Rights: Presentation and Deliberation 2002
Cold War: Think Aloud 2005
Civil Rights: Seminar Discussion 2007
Civil Rights: Disciplined Discussion 2006
Civil War: Grabber 2002
Religious Freedom: Patrick Henry 2005
Virginia Religious Freedom: 20th Century Cases 2006
The Future Direction of Iraq: Talk Show 2007
Justification for Military Action 2007
US Foreign Policy: Structured Academic Controversy 2008
The US in the 1920s: Cartoon Analysis 2005
The US in the 1920s: Congressional Hearing 2005
Washington: Press Conference 2002